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- Plastic Scintillating Fibers (Materials and Structures)
Plastic Scintillating Fibers (Materials and Structures)
Materials
| Material | Refractive index |
Density (g/cm3) |
No. of atom per cm3 |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Core | Polystyrene (PS) | nD=1.59 | 1.05 | C:4.9x1022 H:4.9x1022 |
|
| Cladding | for single cladding inner for multi cladding |
Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) |
nD=1.49 | 1.19 | C:3.6x1022 H:5.7x1022 O:1.4x1022 |
| outer for multi cladding | Fluorinated polymer (FP) | nD=1.42 | 1.43 | ||
Cross-section and Cladding Thickness
| Single Cladding | Multi Cladding (M) | |
|---|---|---|
| Round Fiber (D) |  |
 |
| Square Fiber (SQ) |  |
Not available |
Cladding and Transmission mechanism
Single Cladding
Single cladding is standard type of cladding.
Multi Cladding
Multi cladding fiber(M) 50% has higher light yield than single cladding fiber because of large trapping efficiency.
Clear-PS fiber of this cladding has extremely higher NA than conventional PMMA or PS fiber, and very useful as light guide fiber.
Multicladding fiber has long attenuation length equal to single cladding fiber.
Type of Polymer Orientation of PS Core
Standard type (Non-S type)
PS core is of almost no oriented polystyrene chain and is optically isotropic and very transparent.
This conventional standard type has good attenuation length, but it showed weakness against cracking caused by bending or handling during assembling.
S type (S)
Core has molecular orientation along drawing direction. This fiber is mechanically stronger against cracking at the cost of transparency.
The attenuation length of this type is nearly 10% shorter than standard type.
Dimensions and Tolerance
Cross-sectional Dimension
Minimum : 0.2mm, Maximum : 2.0mm, typically as follows.
Round (Single and Multi Cladding) : 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0mm dia.
Square (Single Cladding) : 0.2x0.2, 0.5x0.5, 1.0x1.0, 2.0x2.0mm side
Tolerance of Diameter
Cut Fiber (1-5m long) :
Endless Spool Fiber :
Bending Loss and Minimum Bending Diameter
Bending Loss
The following figure shows bending loss of Clear-PSM and Clear PSMS.
S type is better than Non-S type.
The rapid increase of bending loss of non-S type is due to cracking of core.
S type does not show such cracking.
Measurement Method
Minimum Bending Diameter
We recommend minimum bending diameter as the following table on safety side and long term reliability.
| Type | 2mmФFiber | 1mmФFiber | 0.5mmФFiber |
|---|---|---|---|
| S type | 200mm | 100mm | 50mm |
| Non-S type | 400mm | 200mm | 100mm |
How to indentify the fibers specifications
